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DNA, as students learned earlier in the year, is found in all living things, and has a common role in heredity. In this unit, students investigate genetic processes including protein synthesis, inheritance, and gene expression. They then learn about modifications of these processes through the lens of genetic engineering, biotechnology, and natural selection. Students will investigate these concepts through background readings, interactive simulations, and hands-on experience with biotechnology labs including analyzing DNA samples using gel electrophoresis.

In all organisms, the coded instructions for specifying the characteristics of the organism are carried in DNA. In this sequence, student will explore the chemical and structural properties of DNA and the process of protein synthesis in order to understand the molecular basis of heredity. Additionally, students will have the opportunity to think about mutations and their role in providing genetic diversity.

Offspring resemble their parents due to the inheritance of traits during reproduction. In this sequence, students learn about the relationships between the key structures and molecules (e.g. DNA, chromosomes, genes) involved in inheritance.